Container Types
Container types explained
Different cargo calls for different containers. From the ubiquitous dry container to reefer, open top, flat rack and tank types, here's what each one is built for.
01Quick overview
Find the right type fast
| Type | Key feature | Main use |
|---|---|---|
| Dry | The standard enclosed box | Most general cargo |
| High Cube (HC) | ~30cm taller than dry | Bulky or tall cargo |
| Reefer | Built-in refrigeration unit | Produce, seafood, food, pharma |
| Open Top | Open roof, tarpaulin cover | Tall cargo, crane loading |
| Flat Rack | No sides or roof, floor only | Heavy equipment, timber, oversized cargo |
| Tank | Cylindrical tank in a frame | Chemicals, edible oil, spirits |
02Detailed look
Dry Container (Dry / GP)
An enclosed steel box with no insulation or cooling, accounting for the vast majority of container traffic worldwide. Used broadly for general cargo that doesn't need temperature control.
Reefer Container
Fitted with insulation and a refrigeration/cooling unit to hold a set temperature. Because the cooling unit sits at the front, internal volume is smaller than a dry container of the same nominal size.
Open Top Container
Has an open roof so cargo taller than the container can be loaded from above by crane. The top is covered with a waterproof tarpaulin.
Flat Rack Container
No sides or roof — just a floor and two end walls — for oversized cargo like heavy equipment, machinery, and timber that exceed standard width or height.
Tank Container (ISO Tank)
A cylindrical tank mounted inside a frame, used to transport liquid or gas cargo such as chemicals, edible oils, and spirits.
Calculate dry / HC container loading now
Get a free piece count and layout drawing for the most common 20ft, 40ft and 40ft HC dry containers.
Open the Loading Simulator03FAQ
Common questions about container types
What's the most commonly used container?
The dry container (GP). Most general cargo that doesn't need temperature control ships in 20ft or 40ft dry containers.
Why does a reefer have less volume?
A front-mounted refrigeration unit and insulated walls reduce internal dimensions. Even at the same nominal 40ft length, it has roughly 10%+ less volume than a dry container.
What container should I use for tall cargo?
If you just need more height, use a 40ft High Cube. If cargo exceeds the container's height entirely, use an open top or flat rack.